Developing a computer tool to accurately model a real world process requires understanding that process. Presented here is a primer on the refraction of light, and the laws that govern it.

Refraction

Dispersion

Refraction and Dispersion in Computer Graphics

Sources

Marengo, Mario. Implementing Spectral Colors in Mantra. Side Effects Software.
2008. Side Effects Software. 12 February 2009
http://download.sidefx.com/images/stories/tutorials/spectral_colors/spectral_
colours.mov

Yinlong Sun. "Rendering Biological Iridescences with RGB-Based Renderers."
ACM Transactions on Graphics 25.1 (2006): 100-29.